Ratchet drive.



W. l. SCHLACKS.

RATCHET DRIVE.

APPLICATION FILED MAIL 27. I9Ia.v

Patented Dec. 24, 1918.

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RATCHET DRIVE.

APPLICATION FILED III/III. 21. 191e.

Patented Dec. 24, 1918.

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WILLIAM J. SGHLACKS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO lVloCORD ANDCOMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

ran/Tonno: :onivn Application led March 27,

To @Z whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, WILLIAM J. Scmnciis, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Ratchet Drives; and I dohereby declare the following to be a f ull, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, suoli as will enable others skilled in the art towhich it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention has for .its object to provide an improved ratchetdrive for converting reciprocatory or vibratory motion into a rotarymovement, and to such ends, generally stated, the invention consists ofthe novel construction and combination of parts hereinafter describedand defined in the claims.

The improved ratchet drive is espec1ally designed for and adapted to usein connection with a force feed lubricator for converting the vibratorymovement of an engine driven arm into a rotary movement required toslowly operate eccentric driven pumps.

rlhe improved ratchet drive in its preferred form shown as applied to aforce feed lubricator is illustrated in the accompanying drawingswherein like characters indicate like parts throughout the severalviews.

Referring to the' drawings:

` Figure 1 is a view in side elevation with some parts broken away andsome parts sectioned, showing the ratchet drive applied to thelubricator; and

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken approximately on the line 2-2 of Fig.1, some parts being shown in full.

The numeral 3 indicates the oil tank of the lubricator, the same at oneend having a detachable head 4 formed with a bearing sleeve 5 equippedwith a stuffing box 6. Inward of the head 4, the tank 3 is formed withan inner wall 7 that is spaced from said head 4 to form a. chamber 8 forthe ratchet mechanism. Said wall 7 is formed with a large bearing sleeve9, the axis of which is concentric to the axis of the sleeve. The oilpumps 10 which are of a well known plunger type have their plungersconnected to drive heads 11 carried by vertically movable frames 12 thatare subject to eccentrics 13 carried by a rotary shaft 14. Theconstruction and operation of these pumps need Speccation of LettersPatent.

Patented Dec. 24, 1918.

191s. sei-iai No. 225,038.

not be considered further than to state that the said pumps will beslowly operated under rotation of the shaft 14. This shaft at one endhas an enlarged head 15 journaled in the bearing sleeve 9 and having aprojecting annular flange to which, as shown, a cylindrical rim 16 isrigidly secured by threaded engagement, or otherwise. This rim 16 hasinternal ratchet teeth 17 and external ratchet teeth 18 which for animportant reason, hereinafter noted, are odd in number; to illustrate,the ratchet teeth 17 may be fiftyfivein number and the ratchet teeth 18may be seventy-five in number. a

Extended through thestuiing box 6 and liournaled in the sleeve 5 and inan axial seat in the head 15 is an oscillatory shaft 19 to the outer endof which an arm 2() is rigidly secured. This shaft 20 will, in practice,be connected to some vibratory part of the locomotive or engine.

The oscillatory shaft 19 inside of the cylindrical ratchet toothed rim16 is provided with a diametrically projected drive head 21 which in itsopposite ends has cylindrical seats into which are fitted cylindricaldriving dogs 22. These dogs 22 at their outer ends are provided withratchet teeth that extend transversely across the outer end sur- 'facesthereof, and in size correspond to the internal ratchet teeth 17 withwhich they are engageable. The central of the teeth of these ratchetdogs are, of course, wider than the forward and rearward teeth and, infact, are approximately as wide as the said internal teeth 17. Width isherein used to mean the longitudinal extent of the teeth in a directionparallel to the axis of the ratchet device.

The said cylindrical dogs 22 are made hollow to receive coiledcompression springs 23 that are compressed between the same and thesolid intermediate portion of the head 21, and yieldingly press saiddogs outward into engagement with the coperating internal ratchetteeth17.

For engagement with the external ratchetteeth 18 I provide two retainingdogs. These retaining dogs are preferably of approximately the sameconstruction as the driving dogs 22, and are located at diameti ricallyopposite points in respect to the axis of the ratchet device. The saidretaining dogs 24 are cylindrical and hollow and they are mounted incylindrical seats afforded by tubular portions 26 cast integral with theouter side walls of the tank 3 and with a cylindrical interior web 27which, in turn, is cast integral'with the wall 7 and closely surroundsthe ratchet rim 16.

Springs 28 are seated in the retaining dogsl 24 and are compressedbetween the same and plugs 29 which latter are shown as screwed into theouter ends of the tubular portions 26. With the above describedconstruction it is not only possible, but entirely feasible, even whereconsiderable energy is transmitted, to make the ratchet teeth 17 and 18and the co'peratingratchet teeth of the driving and retaining dogssmall. `rllhese numerous small teeth will provide as great, or greaterstrength, than a very much larger tooth in an arrangement wherein butone tooth is acted upon at a time. The small ratchet teeth, of course,give a much finer j movement than larger teeth, and this is an tainingdogs.

importantl consideration in locomotive lubricators where fine adjustmentof the pumping action is required.

Moreover, the cylindrical dogs afford wide teeth or teeth that are longin a direction parallel to the axis 0f rotation of the ratchet device.As the dogs are cylindrical and capable of rotation in their seats, theteeth of the dogs will adapt themselves to the teeth of the ratchet rimand will effect a full and complete or parallel tooth engagement.

This insures a long working life of even very fine ratchet teeth.

It may now be noted that inasmuch as the two driving dogs 22 are locateddiametrically opposite to each other and inasmuch as the coperatinginternal ratchet teeth 17 are odd in number, it will follow that whenthe one ratchet dog is in full engagement or driving action on the saidratchet teeth 17, the diametrically opposite dog 22 will have its teethpositioned midway between the points of the engaged ratchet teeth 17.Thus a ineness of adjustment or driving-action is obtained that is equalto one-half the circumferential space between adjacent teeth 17. Also,since the external teeth 18 are odd in number and the retaining dogs areldiametrically opposite, the above noted fineness of adjustment holdsgood for these re- The diametrically opposite arrangement of the drivingdogs and retaining' dogs and their cooperating seats also facilitatesaccurateI andcheap construction, for instance, the seats for theretainingdogs are axially alined and may be bored or reamed by oneoperation. As the springs are telescoped into the` dogs, very compactconstruction is provided. In the ratchetdriv'e of the character abovedescribed, the oscillatory driving. head may be oscillated to and frothrough angles varying from 360 or a complete rotation to that veryslight movement represented by one-half the. circumferential spacebetween adjacent ratchet teeth.

By referring to F ig. 1 it will be noted that the vhead at when removedpermits the driving shaft 19 and its head to be readily removed Withoutopening up the interior of the oil `tank and without permitting theescape of any oil from the said tank. Moreover, the bore of the sleeve 9is of such size that the driven shaft 14 and its eccentrics 12a may beremoved axially from the tank but this, of course, will open the tankfor the escape of oil. The said arrangement, of course, also permits theshaft 1a and its eccen'trics to be readily placed in working positionafter the eccentrics have been assembled and properly secured on saidshaft.

It may be further noted that when the plugs 28 are removed, theretaining dogs 2i may be removed from working position without openingup the tank or permitting the escape of oil therefrom.

As a minor but yimportant feature of the invention, the threadedengagement between the head 15 and the rim 16 is such that under thedriving action o-r force transmitted therethrough by the driving dogs,said rim will be kept screwed onto the head as far as it will go, thusinsuring the rim against becoming loose from the head under continueduse.

`What l claim is:

1. A ratchet drive comprising an oscillatory driving shaft and aco-axial rotary driven shaft, said driven shaft having an internally andexternally ratchet toothed rim, and said driving shaft having a headlocated within said rim, diametrically opposite spring pressed drivingdogs seated in said driving head and operative on' the internal teeth ofsaid rim, and diametrically opposite spring pressed retaining dogsoperative on the external teeth of said rim.

2. A ratchet drive comprising an oscillatory driving shaft and aco-axial rotary driven shaft, said driven shaft having an internally andexternally ratchet toothed rim, and said driving shaft having a headlocated within said rim, diametrically oppositespring pressed drivingdogs seated in said driving head and operative on the internal teeth ofsaid rim, and diametrically opposite springpre'ssed retaining dogsoperative on the external teeth of said rim, the internal threads ofsaid rim being odd in number and the-external vthreads of said rim alsobeing odd in number.

3. Aratchet drive comprising an oscillatory `driving shaft and aco-axial rotary driven shaft, said driven shaft having an internally andexternally ratchet toothed rim, and said driving shaft having a head4located. within said rim, diametrically opposite spring pressed drivingdogs seated in said driving head and operative on the internal teeth ofsaid rim, and diametrically opposite spring pressed retaining dogsoperative on the external teeth of said rim, the said dogs each having amultiplicity of ratchet teeth and being capable of rotation to permittheir teeth to adapt themselves to full engagement with the cooperatingratchet teeth of said rim.

4. A ratchet drive comprising an oscillatory driving shaft, a rotarydriven shaft, said driven shaft having an enlarged cylindrical endformed with a seat in Which the end of said driving shaft is journaled,an internally and externally ratchet toothed rim rigidly secured to thehead of said driven shaft, a head on said driving shaft located Withinsaid ratchet toothed rim, a driving dog carried by the head of saiddriving shaft and operative on the internal teeth of said rim, and arelatively stationary retaining dog operative on the external teeth ofsaid rim.

5. A ratchet drive comprising an oscillatory driving shaft, a rotarydriven shaft, said driven shaft having an enlarged cylindrical endformed with a seat in Which the end of said drivingshaft is journaled,an internally and externally ratchet toothed rim rigidly secured to thehead of said driven shaft, a head on said driving shaft located Withinsaid ratchet toothed rim, diametrically opposite outwardly springpressed rotatively mounted driving dogs carried by the head of saiddriving shaft and each having a multiplicity of teeth operative on theinternal ratchet teeth of said rim, and diametrically opposite springpressed rotatively mounted retaining dogs each having a multiplicity ofteeth operative on the external ratchet teeth of said rim.

6. A ratchet drive comprising an oscillatory driving shaft, a rotarydriven shaft, said driven shaft having an enlarged cylindrical endformed with a seat in which the end of said driving shaft is journaled,an internally and externally ratchet toothed rim rigidly secured to thehead of said driven shaft, a head on said driving shaft located Withinsaid ratchet toothed rim, diametrically opposite outwardly springpressed rotatively mounted driving dogs carried by the head of saiddriving shaft and each having a multiplicity of teeth operative on theinternal ratchet teeth of said rim, and diametrically opposite springpressed rotatively mounted retaining dogs each having a multiplicity ofteeth operative on the external ratchet teeth of said rim, the internaland external ratchet teeth of said rim being odd in number for thepurpose set forth.

7. The combination vvith a tank having a detachable head and formedadjacent to said head With a ratchet inclosing chamber having a largebearing sleeve opening-into said tank, an oscillatory driving shaftjournaled in said head, a driving shaft having a head journaled in saidlarge bearing sleeve and provided Within said tank With eccentrics ofless diameter than said bearing sleeve, the head of said driven shafthaving a seat in Which the inner end of said driving shaft is journaled,an internally and externally threaded ratchet toothed rim secured to thehead of said driven shaft and located Within said ratchet housing, thesaid rim being removable from said housing When the head of said tank isremoved, a driving dog carried by said driving shaft and operative onthe internal teeth of said rim, and a retaining dog mounted in a Wall ofsaid housing and operative on the external teeth of said rim.

8. A ratchet drive comprising an oscillatory driving shaft and aco-axial driven shaft, said driven shaft having an internally andexternally threaded ratchet rim, said driving shaft having a headlocated Within said rim, a plurality of self adjusting driving dogsrotatively seated in said head, and operative on the internal ratchetteeth of said rim, and a yplurality of retaining dogs operative on theouter ratchet teeth of said rim.

9. A ratchet dog comprising an oscillatory driving shaft and a co-axialrotary driven shaft, said driven shaft having a ratchet toothed rimsecured thereto by threaded engagement, the threaded engagement beingsuch that it Will be tightened by the driving force, and said drivingshaft having a dog equipped head operating on said rim.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of tvvo Witnesses.

WILLIAM J. SCHLACKS.

Witnesses:

O. H. NEAL, E. G. HOLLY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G.

